Dynamic Harmonic Mitigation via Optimized PI-Controlled SAPF Considering Utility Voltage Distortion and Load Variations

Ahmed Mohammed Attiya Soliman, Mohammed Hamouda Ali, Abdelmoezz Ahmed Eid, Sally El-Tawab

Abstract


This study addresses the persistent challenge of harmonic distortion in electrical distribution systems (EDSs) caused by nonlinear loads (NLL) and grid voltage irregularities. It proposes an optimized control strategy for a Shunt Active Power Filter (SAPF) to enhance power quality (PQ) and maintain system stability under varying operating conditions. The core methodology integrates a proportional–integral (PI) controller, combined with a hysteresis current control technique (HCCT), to manage both DC-link voltage and synchronization. This is achieved via a Phase-Locked Loop (PLL) coupled with a Positive Sequence Voltage Detector (PSVD), introducing both conventional and adaptive controller techniques. This paper conducts a comparative analysis of a proposed controller technique with and without tuned and optimized PI controller gains in both the PLL and DC-link voltage circuits, evaluating the performance of the SAPF controller. Optimization of controller parameters is achieved through the Dandelion Optimizer (DO), a recent metaheuristic algorithm benchmarked against Aquila Optimizer (AO), Mayfly Optimization Algorithm (MOA), and War Strategy Optimizer (WSO). MATLAB/Simulink simulations test conventional and adaptive SAPF configurations under diverse conditions, including voltage distortion and dynamic load variations. Results show that the DO-optimized controllers significantly outperform non-optimized cases, meeting key objectives and exhibiting superior dynamic response, minimal steady-state error, and a total harmonic distortion (THD) reduced to below the IEEE standard limits. The novelty lies in applying the DO algorithm for the first time to SAPF parameter optimization within smart grid environments, achieving robust, self-adaptive harmonic mitigation and stable power quality improvement across fluctuating grid and load scenarios. The work confirms the DO’s superiority in achieving fast convergence and optimal tuning for enhanced electrical performance and reliability, contributing to the development of intelligent, resilient smart power systems.

Keywords


Shunt active power filter (SAPF), Proportional Integral (PI-controller) method, Metaheuristic optimization algorithm, Dandelion Optimizer (DO), Total harmonic distortion (THD), Power quality (PQ).

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References


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DOI (PDF): https://doi.org/10.20508/ijsmartgrid.v9i4.523.g411

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